This optional module allows for various kinds of research studies. It is closely connected to the five units of the Liechtenstein School of Architecture and is usually part of ongoing research projects. The supervision consists of directing the students towards clear results within a given field of research. The individual study is reviewed within the respective unit.

Sustainable Design Unit:
In this module, you will engage in a detailed analysis of a sustainability indicator such as Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), or building standards like LEED or DGNB. You will explore how these indicators can be integrated into a sustainability matrix. The scope and complexity of your research, as well as its relevance to architectural inquiries, will determine the workload, which will be agreed upon in consultation with your supervisor. Your interests and prior knowledge will be taken into consideration at the outset of the project. This elective module provides an opportunity to engage in research focused on defining sustainable building practices within the Alpine Rhine Valley. In alignment with ongoing research at the LSA, the module is centered on the development of a comprehensive catalogue of themes related to sustainable construction. Through comparative analyses of building labels and broader sustainability frameworks, you will examine how these themes can guide sustainable architectural practices in the region. This module presents a unique opportunity to contribute to the academic discourse on sustainability and to shape future building practices. Participants will conduct self-directed research working either individually or in collaborative groups. The scope of your work will be customized to align with the specific requirements of your project and will be overseen by the research unit. Essential literature and resources will be provided at the start of the course, with continual updates throughout the semester to support your research on sustainability in architecture.

Self-defined design or research studies, developed individually or in groups agreed upon with research units and under the guidance of mentors. The size of the module is determined by the respective unit.

After successful completion of the course, students will be able to

Minimum 75% compulsory attendance, regular meetings with instructors, continuous assessment, portfolio and final review.
The final grade is calculated according to the weighting of the following components: final submission (80%) and oral presentation (20%).

Individual appointments will be set with the tutor.

Practise communicative and cultural skills and competences in German on level A2 (cf. CEFR descriptors).

This is a suggested schedule but, if practicable, changes can be made in accordance with the wishes of the participants.

Information about the placement test is provided on the website of the cross-faculty elective subjects > language courses and by the International Office

Interactive teaching

Develop German language competence on level A2 (cf. CEFR descriptors), develop cultural competence

• listen to, understand, and react to simple texts and dialogues
• read and understand simple texts and dialogues
• know and use basic grammar and vocabulary
• write simple texts
• use learning strategies successfully
• develop cultural competence

Develop German language competence on level A2 (cf. CEFR descriptors), develop cultural competence

• listen to, understand, and react to simple texts and dialogues
• read and understand simple texts and dialogues
• know and use basic grammar and vocabulary
• write simple texts
• use learning strategies successfully
• develop cultural competence

Available on Moodle

Parts of assessment
A: written/oral assessment during the semester
B: oral test

Attendance: minimum 80% required

Grading

After successful completion of the seminar, a language certificate (University of Liechtenstein) may be offered. It is based on the performance record of the standardized language placement test onSET.

cross-faculty course:
Rules for registration: www.uni.li/cross-faculty

In Project Seminar, students analyse a real-world case from a specific industry. Students divide into groups according to their preferences and work on one of four cases through the lens of process management, data and application security, data science, or digital innovation. The course topics change from semester to semester.

Projects typically aim to turn data into value and leverage technological advancements. They might focus on business aspects, such as identifying use-cases for novel AI models. Projects often include hands-on work on the data side, such as data mining and collection, as well as on the model side, such as leveraging and adjusting AI models, including foundation models. Projects are expected to deliver conceptual designs or conduct practical case studies on various aspects of data science and artificial intelligence.

• The course involves interactive seminars with workshops and regular presentations.
• The faculty and a jury of representatives from regional companies evaluate the students’ solutions in terms of innovativeness and usefulness and provide them with feedback and advice.

After successful completion of the course, students will

Professional competence

• be able to analyse real-world cases
• integrate knowledge to identify areas of improvement or innovation
• use appropriate methods to develop recommendations for a case company

Methodological competence

• manage a (small) project
• identify and structure existing information
• work with domain experts (external partners)

Social competence

• self-organise within a group
• work in a group and with external partners
• handling criticism and demonstrate the ability to criticise in a constructive manner

Personal competence

• reflect on limitations of their own work
• work on tasks independently within a group
• manage time

Seminar paper (50%), presentations (50%); attendance is mandatory (80%)

• Introduction to International Tax Policy and Tax StandardsEconomic and Legal Principles of National and International Taxation International Taxation in an Integrated and globalised WorldInternational and European Tax FrameworkInternational Tax Competition and Tax CooperationInternational Tax Compliance and Tax LawOECD-Tax Agenda: New World Tax Order (Pillar one and two) EU-Tax Agenda: Business Taxation for the 21st CenturyInternational re-allocation of taxing rights: Determination of connecting factors Global tax initiatives and actions: OECD, EU, US, UK, RCEP, IMF, UN, and NGOs.

Interactive Lecture

• Studentsare familiar with the basic economic and legal principles in national and international taxation and can apply them,understand the implications of both European and International Tax principles,understand the impact of international taxation in an Integrated and globalised world on politics, consumers and investors,understand the implications of international tax competition and international tax cooperation in financial markets and global business, are familiar with ongoing initiatives on taxing digital companies (determining taxing rights) and global minimum taxation,acknowledge the impact that ongoing international tax initiatives have on individuals and legal entities, understand the implications of international tax compliance and international tax law in financial markets and global business, are familiar with current reforms on international tax environment.

Presentation

Network and System Security covers advanced security mechanisms in computer networks and systems and attacks against information systems. It provides a technical overview of selected security mechanisms at the networking and OS level. The course focuses on following topics topics:

• Essential network-security protocols
• Attacks against common network protocols
• Security issues in web applications
• Security mechanisms in operating systems
• Advanced exploitation techniques

The course provides an overview of the relevant aspects of the C/C++ programming language and its respective libraries.

• The module involves interactive lectures with exercises to integrate theoretical knowledge with practical design and analysis skills.
• Lab exercises and programming assignments are used to support the acquisition of practical skills.

After successful completion of the course, students will

Professional competence

• understand the intermediate-level technical concepts in network and system security
• be familiar with practical security threats in Linux operating systems

Methodological competence

• use intermediate-level security tools in Linux operating systems
• be able to setup and administrate virtual machines

Social competence

• be able to organise learning materials and solve problems independently
• create a “security mindset” and understand how certain security mechanisms can be broken

Personal competence

• address new challenges and independent findings of viable solutions
• think “out of the box” and can apply knowledge in unusual contexts

Technological competence

• be familiar with the C/C++ programming language
• be familiar with selected web application programming tools

The following conditions need to be met prior to registering for the module:

• successful completion of the module "Data and Application Security"

Exercise: Lab assignments
Lecture: Written exam

Practise communicative and cultural skills and competences in German on level A1 - A2 (cf. CEFR descriptors).

Interactive teaching

Develop German language competence on level A1 - A2 (cf. CEFR descriptors), develop cultural competence

• listen to, understand, and react to simple texts and dialogues
• read and understand simple texts and dialogues
• know and use basic grammar and vocabulary
• write simple texts
• use learning strategies successfully
• develop cultural competence

Available on Moodle

Parts of assessment
A: written and oral assessment during the semester
B: written test

Attendance: minimum 80%

Grading

cross-faculty course:
Rules for registration: www.uni.li/cross-faculty

Im Zentrum steht eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung von Gebäuden, in der alle Bauteile ihre Funktionen erfüllen und im interdisziplinären Zusammenspiel den gewünschten architektonischen Ausdruck definieren und auszudrücken vermögen. Arbeitsabläufe, Arbeitsweisen, Techniken, disziplinare Vernetzungen, planerische Abhängigkeiten und rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen sollen vermittelt und Optimierungspotential diskutiert werden. In Gesprächen mit Fachdozierenden aus den Bereichen Baukonstruktion, Statik, Bauphysik, Haustechnik und Baukostenmanagement werden die eigenständig entwickelten Erklärungen zur Wirkung und Tauglichkeit der Konstruktionen dargestellt und diskutiert. Die Gewichtung der Betrachtung und Analyse liegt beim Bauen im Bestand und dessen nachhaltigem Erhalt sowie der Adaptierung nach geltenden Standards der Bau- und Gebäudetechnik.

siehe nachfolgende Lehrveranstaltungen

Die Lernergebnisse und zu erwerbenden Kompetenzen dieses Moduls ergeben sich aus den nachfolgend beschriebenen Lehrveranstaltungen.

Die Abschlussnote wird errechnet aus den Noten der beiden Lehrveranstaltungen mit einer Gewichtung von jeweils 50%. Ein erfolgreicher Abschluss setzt zudem voraus, dass in beiden Lehrveranstaltungen jeweils mindestens die Note 4.0 erreicht wurde. Modalität siehe Lehrveranstaltung.

This seminar presents the principles of urban planning that allow us to situate the production of architecture within its political, economic and social context. In order to create the kind of architecture that positively transforms the status quo, we require a deeper understanding of these processes, from planning processes to transdisciplinary engagement with the wide range of stakeholders. Students engage with concrete applications for translating scientific knowledge into urban and architectural design, utilising both local and global case studies.

Lectures, oral presentations, textual analysis, written assignments

After successful completion of the course, students will be able to

Minimum 75% compulsory attendance and continuous assessment.
The final grade is calculated according to the weighting of the following components: final submission (80%) and oral presentation (20%).

Integration and globalization of the modern world require a deep understanding of international financial markets. The course equips students with both analytical and practical skills to comprehend macroeconomic and financial trends in open economies. By combining theory, real-world case studies, and practical tools, we empower students to make informed international financial decisions and effectively manage risks in the competitive global landscape.

Key topics covered in this course include:

• National Income Accounting and the Balance of Payments
• Exchange Rates and the Foreign Exchange Market
• Money, Interest Rates, and Exchange Rates
• Price Levels and the Exchange Rate in the Long Run
• Output and the Exchange Rate in the Short Run
• International Monetary Systems
• Financial Globalization: Opportunity and Crisis
• Theories of Optimum Currency Areas
• Crisis and Growth in Developing Countries

• The course consists in a face-to-face lecture, and a series of discussions/group work based for the exercises.
• The students are expected to work in group to solve a case study in International Finance.

After successful completion of the course, students will

Professional competence

• know key features of the international monetary and financial architecture, including the developments in the balance of payments and the exchange rate systems.
• understand the functioning and the structure of foreign exchange markets for spot and forward currency transactions.
• apply theories to solve real-life case studies in international finance including arbitrage and
• hedge strategies, and international portfolio diversification.
• analyse the drivers of FX rates, and how they can be used to explain and anticipate some of the variations in FX markets.
• criticize and assess these theories with a focus on their empirical limitations.

Methodological competence

• know and understand of international market finance.
• research autonomously and methodically the information needed to solve a complex real-life economic problem.
• perform a rigorous analysis of the problem at hand and to provide economically sound solutions.

Social competence

• organize and lead in teamwork tasks.
• handle criticism and demonstrate the ability to criticise in a constructive manner. Personal competence
• think critically. • communicate on a high level in written and oral channels.

Internationalization Strategies

• Theoretischen Grundlagen der Internationalisierung und des Wissenschaftsfelds International Management.
• Internationale Expansionsstrategien (Motive, Marktwahl und Markteintritt) von Unternehmen unterschiedlicher Grösse und unterschiedlicher Konfiguration.
• Praxisfalle internationaler Konzerne und KMUs aus der Region.
• Internationalisierung von Start-Ups.

Negotiation Techniques

• Verhandlungstaktiken.
• Sachgerechtes Verhandeln.
• Neutrale Beurteilungskriterien.
• Optionen zum beiderseitigen Vorteil.
• Beste Alternative.
• Die Rolle der Macht beim Verhandeln.
• Internationale Verhandlungsstrategien.
• Besonderheiten des Verhandelns im interkulturellen Kontext.

Entrepreneurial Marketing & Sales

• Zentrale Ansatze, Theorien und Modelle, sowie die Hauptgebiete und Grenzen des Entrepreneurial Marketing.
• Typische Aufgaben und Instrumente des Markteintritts.
• Kernfragen der Markteintrittsstrategie.
• Timing von Markteintritten und unterschiedliche Timing-Zeitpunkte in bestimmten Marktsituationen.
• Verkaufs- und Vertriebsstrategien.
• Vertriebsprozess und -systeme.